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Volume 3 Issue 2, 2022
Pathology of Colibacillosis and Molecular Detection of its Pathogen in Chickens in Gazipur District
Turnalisha Chakma, Abu Nasar Md. Aminoor Rahman, Md. Abu Hadi Noor Ali Khan, Mohammad Ali Zinnah and Md. Golam Haider
Abstract: Colibacillosis, caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), is an important cause of morbidity, mortality and resultant economic losses in poultry industry worldwide. Prevention of colibacillosis is becoming challenging due to the emergence of virulent and multidrug resistant strains. Early detection of colibacillosis is crucial in formulating preventive and therapeutic strategies in commercial chickens. This study aimed to characterize pathology and causal agent by molecular methods in chickens. Tissue samples were collected and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, swabs were collected from dead chickens and cloaca of sick chickens were enriched in tetrathionate broth. The bacteria were cultured on different culture media, stained with Gram’s stain, allowed to ferment different sugars, and subjected to gene amplification by PCR and histological studies. The bacteria showed metallic sheen on EMB agar, were pink color short rod to coccoid in shape, and were single or paired with Gram’s staining. The bacteria fermented maltose, mannitol, dulcitol, dextrose, arabinose and dextrose with production of acid and gas but did not ferment inositol. Postmortem examination revealed congestion and consolidation of lungs, perihepatitis and multifocal necrosis in liver, and hemorrhage and mucus in duodenum. The heart displayed pericarditis with thickening of pericardium, multifocal coagulation necrosis with infiltration of heterophils and lymphocytes in the periportal area of liver.
Biochemical and Microbiological Quality Evaluation of Marine Fishes and Shrimps Available in the Local Market of Rajshahi City
Mst. Tahsin Farzana, Md. Farukh Abdullah, Isma Khatun Liza, Md. Rashedul Kabir Mondol and Md. Tariqul Islam
Abstract: The current study was conducted to assess the quality of marine fishes and shrimps available in the local market of Rajshahi City. Four marine fishes; Hilsa (Tenualosa lisha), Rupchanda (Pampus argenteus), Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), Bombay duck or Loitta (Harpodon nehereus) and two marine shrimps; Bagda (Penaeus monodon), Harina (Metapenaeus monoceros) were selected to investigate biochemical and microbiological parameters such as moisture content, pH, free fatty acid (FFA), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and bacterial count by aerobic plate count (APC). The highest moisture content was found in Loitta (84.97%) whereas the lowest moisture content was found in Hilsa (73.04%). The pH values were in the range of 6.26 to 7.14 and FFA values ranged from 0.18% to 0.35% in all samples. The highest TBARS value was found 0.55 mg MDA/kg in Loitta fish, and the lowest value was 0.01 mg MDA/kg in Bagda shrimp. APC of Hilsa, Rupchanda, Tuna, Loitta fish, Bagda and Harina shrimps were 5.11, 6.09, 6.82, 7.11, 6.97 and 5.51 log CFU/g, respectively. Based on the assessment, almost all the fishes and shrimps were found within permissible limits, except the Loitta fish, whose APC was high. The overall quality of marine fishes and shrimps available in the local market of Rajshahi city was found fit for human consumption.
Effect of Nitrogen on the Growth and Yield of Carrot (Daucus carota L.)
Fahmida Muyeed, Md. Kawser Ali, Adnan Muyeed, Iffat Nuha, Mirza Kanij Ferdows, Md. Jafirul Alam, Most. Moslema Haque and M. Al Masud
Abstract: This study illustrates how nitrogen levels and carrot variety selection influence growth and production. The experiment was conducted in Kashiadanga, Rajpara Thana, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, from October 2019 to March 2020, evaluating the effects of four nitrogen levels (0 kg N/ha, 70 kg N/ha, 140 kg N/ha, and 210 kg N/ha) on the growth and yield of two carrot varieties, New Kuroda and Pusa Kesar. The study was conducted with three replications, employing a Randomized Complete Block Design as the experimental setup. Significant variations in carrot growth and yield were observed across the treatments. Notably, the Pusa Kesar cultivar and 140 kg N/ha demonstrated superior performance. The application of 140 kg N/ha with Pusa Kesar resulted in the highest values for various growth parameters, including plant length (80.00 cm), root length (23.03 cm), diameter (36.04 mm), dry root weight (23.54 g per 100 g of fresh root weight), the number of leaves (12.44) at 90 days after sowing (DAS), and yield (27.03 t/ha). Nitrogen dose and variety interactions had considerable effects on growth and yield, underscoring the necessity of selecting appropriate varieties and applying judicious amounts of nitrogen fertilizer for satisfactory carrot production in Bangladesh and elsewhere.
Heavy Metal Contamination in Feed-based Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Culture in the Rajshahi Region
Md. Tarek Aziz, Md. Shahin Alam, Md. Risad Sarkar and Md. Mahabubur Rahman
Abstract: As culture fish can easily be contaminated by different heavy metals through the polluted environment and contaminated feed, a study was conducted to investigate the heavy metal contamination in feed-based tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture in the Rajshahi region. For this study, samples of sediment-soil and pond water, fish feed, and fish muscle were collected from nine farmers. The collected samples were prepared for metal analysis following the standard methods. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr in the samples were estimated through acidic digestion and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. During this study, the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr were found to be significantly higher in the feed and fish’s muscle, followed by the sediment-soil and pond water. On the basis of the mean value, the samples were enriched with heavy metals in the order of Pb>Ni>Cr>Cd. The results of this study indicated that the heavy metals were hardly being accumulated in the fish’s body from the sediment-soil and pond water but rather accumulated in large amounts by the fish feed. The study concluded that the muscle of the fish was found to contain heavy metals above the FAO/WHO/EC’s standard limits, which may cause problems for consumer’s health.
Effect of Variety and Date of Transplanting on Yield and Yield Attributes of Short-duration T. Aman Rice in the Rangpur Region
N. M. Alamgir Badsha, Md. Abdul Alim*, Md. Belal Hossain, Morium Begum and Md. Mahmodol Hasan
Abstract: An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field, Agriculture Training Institute, Department of Agricultural Extension, Tajhat, Rangpur during July to November, 2020 to investigate the response of some short duration aman rice varieties to date of transplanting. The experiment consisted of three transplanting dates viz. 25 July, 4 August and 14 August and four (04) short duration T. aman rice varieties viz. BRRI dhan62, BRRI dhan71, BRRI dhan75, and Binadhan-17. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Transplanting dates were allocated into the main plot and varieties into the sub plot. Results indicate that BRRI dhan71 produced the highest grain yield (4.84 t ha-1), 1000-grain weight (24.60 g) and harvest index (42.70%). The lowest grain yield (3.66 t ha-1), straw yield (5.49 t ha-1) and harvest index (39.97%) were produced by BRRI dhan62. BRRI dhan62 showed the minimum days to maturity (98.67 days) and maximum days to maturity (117.89 days) was recorded on the variety BRRI dhan71. The number of effective tillers hill-1(8.86), number of filled grains panicle-1 (113.22), grain yield (4.77 t ha-1), straw yield (6.43 t ha-1) and harvest index (42.56%) were highest on 25 July transplanting; decreased on 4 August transplanting and drastically declined on 14 August transplanting. It could be concluded that the highest grain yield (5.26 t ha-1) for short duration T. aman rice cultivation can be possible by BRRI dhan71 transplanting on 25 July in the Rangpur region.